The central bankers’ dilemma

Tale komentar je zelo na liniji z mojim današnjim predavanjem na Kongresu revizorjev, kjer sem govoril o inflaciji ter dilemah ekonomskih politik (v posebnem postu bom objavil prezentacijo).

Dilema monetarne politike je pač v trade-offu med prehitrim (ali premočnim) zaostrovanjem monetarne politike in povzročitvijo recesije. Če centralna banka ‘preveč’ zaostri’ denarno politiko in ‘prehitro’ dvigne obrestne mere, bi lahko povzročila, da bi se stroški zadolževanja za naložbe ali porabo dvignili do točke, ko se nove naložbe upočasnijo in povpraševanje potrošnikov usahne in pride do recesije. Če pa CB ne zmanjša in ne ustavi svojih denarnih injekcij in ne zviša obrestne mere, pa tvega, da visoka inflacija morda sploh ne bo več prehodna.

No, Roberts gre nato naprej z argumentiranjem, da je ta zgornja dilema lažna, ker CB s svojimi politikami itak nimajo vpliva na inflacijo, ker se slednja ustvarja drugje. Razen seveda, kot sem predstavil danes, če CB ekstremno zaostrijo monetarno politiko, kot je Paul Volcker v letih 1979-1982, in zapeljal ameriško gospodarstvo v dvojno recesijo, pri čemer se je brezposelnost šele leta 1987 spustila nazaj na raven iz leta 1979 .

Michael Roberts Blog

“The inflation that we got was not at all the inflation that we were looking for,” US Federal Reserve Chair Jay Powell said in his press conference after the Fed’s monetary policy committee decided to accelerate the ‘tapering’ of its bond purchases to zero by March 2022 and suggested that it will start to hike its policy interest rate (the ‘Fed funds’ rate) from zero soon after that.

What did Powell mean by ‘not the inflation we were looking for’?  He did not mean just the level of the inflation rate.  Headline US consumer goods and services inflation is now much higher than the Fed forecast back in September at its last meeting.  And so is what is called ‘core inflation’, which excludes fast-rising energy and food prices.  Headline inflation reached 6.5% in November, the highest rate for nearly 40 years.

But Jay Powell was also referring to the causes…

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