FT columnist Martin Wolf explained the dilemma. “Banks fail. When they do, those who stand to lose scream for a state rescue.” The dilemma is that “if the threatened costs are big enough, they will succeed. This is how, crisis by crisis, we have created a banking sector that is in theory private, but in practice a ward of the state. The latter in turn attempts to curb the desire of shareholders and management to exploit the safety nets they enjoy. The result is a system that is essential to the functioning of the market economy but does not operate in accordance with its rules.” So it’s moral hazard because the alternative is Armageddon. As Wolf concludes: “it’s a mess.”
Načeloma se lahko s tem zgornjim strinjamo. Vendar pa je kolaps SVB posledica slabega regulatornega okvirja za tovrstne specifične banke in eksplicitna posledica monetarne politike FED v zadnjem letu dni (z dvigovanjem obrestne mere je FED zniževal ceno državnih obveznic, ki jih je imela SVB kot kritje, in s tem poslabševal kvaliteto kritja za depozite. SVB je žrtev monetarne politike FED z namenom zniževanja inflacije.
Tudi druge banke imajo podobne težave, ker imajo pomemben del kritja v obliki “varnih” državnih obveznic. Torej bolj, kot se bo FED boril proti inflaciji z dvigovanjem obrestnih mer, bolj bo v še večje težave spravljal banke, predvsem pa različne pokojninske sklade. Drugače rečeno, FED bo s težavo nadaljeval začrtano pot izganjanja inflacije z dvigovanjem obrestnih mer, ne da bi pri tem destabiliziral finančni sektor.
Če FED ni trznil ob dilemi “inflacija ali recesija/brezposelnost”, pa bo težko ostal trden ob dilemi “inflacija ali kolaps finančnega sistema”.
As I write, US regional banks stock and bond prices are diving. And a major international Swiss bank, Credit Suisse, is close to bankruptcy. A financial crisis not seen since the global financial crash of 2008 appears to be unfolding. What will be the response of the monetary and financial authorities?

Back in 1928, the then US treasury secretary and banker Andrew Mellon pushed for higher interest rates in order to control inflation and credit fuelled stock market speculation. At his bequest, the Federal Reserve Board began raising interest rates and in August 1929 the Fed banged up the rate to a new high. Just two months later in October 1929, theNew York Stock Exchangesuffered the worst crash in its history in what was called “Black Tuesday“. History repeats.
In 1929 Mellon was undeterred. He advised the then president Hoover to “liquidate labor, liquidate stocks…
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