Zakaj je Nemčija vedno na napačni strani zgodovine?

Opomnik:

  • Nemčija je bila na napačni strani zgodovine v 1. svetovni vojni
  • Nemčija je bila na napačni strani zgodovine v 2. svetovni vojni
  • Nemčija je bila na napačni strani zgodovine v evrski krizi (s politiko varčevanja)
  • Nemčija je na napačni strani zgodovine ob izraelskem genocidu nad Palestinci

Kako je lahko neka država pri vseh ključnih dogodkih v zgodovini vedno izbere napačno stran?

Ukrajinci hočejo konec vojne in pogajanja o miru, ameriški in evropski sponzorji vojne pa nikakor ne

Zadnja Gallupova raziskava javnega mnenja med Ukrajinci je pokazala, da si več kot 52 % Ukrajincev želi konca vojne in mirovna pogajanja, tudi za ceno izgube ozemelj, le 37 % bi jih nadaljevalo z vojno. Problem je, ker to mnenje ukrajinskega naroda nikogar ne zanima – ne zanima nelegalnega predsednika Zelenskega, ki po preteku mandata ne želi razpisati volitev, ne zanima Bidnove administracije, ki sponzorira vojno, ne zanima ZDA in Francije, ki sponzorirata vojno, ne zanima evropskih voditeljev, ki sponzorirajo vojno in ne zanima zahodnih medijev, ki tudi papagajsko ponavljajo propagando, s katero sponzorirajo vojno.

Še več, v paniki, da bi se morda vojna prehitro končala, so ameriška, britanska in francoska vlada naredile še korak naprej k eskalaciji vojne z odobritvijo, da lahko ukrajinske sile zahodne rakete daljšega dometa uporabijo tudi za napade na cilje globoko na ruskem ozemlju. S čimer so ogrozile varnost evropskih držav, od koder prihajajo te rakete.

Data via Gallup. Graph adapted by Clark McGillis.

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Kaput: The End of the German Miracle

Odlično branje. Z nemškim gospodarskim zatonom je zašla tudi nemška politična teža. Z njo pa tudi evropska.

Until recently, Germany appeared to be a paragon of economic and political success. Angela Merkel was widely seen as the true ‘leader of the free world’, and Germany’s export-driven economic model seemed to deliver prosperity. But recent events – from Germany’s dependence on Russian gas to its car industry’s delays in the race to electric – have undermined this view.

In Kaput, Wolfgang Münchau argues that the weaknesses of Germany’s economy have, in fact, been brewing for decades. The neo-mercantilist policies of the German state, driven by close connections between the country’s industrial and political elite, have left Germany technologically behind over-reliant on authoritarian Russia and China – and with little sign of being able to adapt to the digital realities of the 21st century.

Na Amazonu je v prodaji paperback, na kindle verzijo bo treba še počakati

Trumpov bodoči problem z muslimani

Fox News personality Pete Hegseth, Trump’s nominee for secretary of defense, may be regretting his decision to attend a 2017 conference held by the California Federation of Republican Women. His sexual encounter with one of those Republican women (which happened, as the Wall Street Journal notes, while he was “in the midst of getting a divorce from his second wife after fathering a child with a producer at the network”) led to a sexual assault allegation, and a subsequent hush-money payment, that have together complicated his path to the Pentagon.

But maybe Hegseth should consider this scandal a blessing. If it weren’t for the questions being raised about past sexual transgressions, more attention might be paid to questions that bear more directly on his qualifications to head the Defense Department. There’s the lack of managerial experience in a man who aspires to run the world’s largest military. There’s the fact that he has repeatedly spoken up in defense of US servicemen who had committed vicious war crimes. And then there’s the thing that has gotten the least attention of all but may be the most important of all: Hegseth’s warped views about Islam—views that, if he becomes secretary of defense, could exacerbate conflicts and even create new ones.

In his 2020 book American Crusade, Hegseth argues that Islam “has been at war with its enemies—meaning all ‘infidels’—since it was founded, and it will never stop.” In truth, the Islamic empires of the past—from the seventh century through the early twentieth century—typically included large populations of non-Muslims who practiced their religions in peace, in keeping with Islamic doctrine, so long as they paid a special tax called a jizya. This may not sound progressive by modern standards, but if you compare, say, the treatment of Spanish Jews under Islamic rule to their treatment under subsequent Christian rule, you’ll see that things could have been much worse.

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Ruski Orešnik kot pravi game-changer?

In response to a U.S. decision to arrange for ballistic missile attacks from Ukraine into Russia, the great magician and President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin pull a rabbit from his hat.

Yesterday the six independent war heads of a new intermediate range ballistic missile hit the Yuzhmash missile plant in Dnipro Ukraine.

Until now the new missile and its mission profile had been unknown. It is the clear counter to decade long efforts of the U.S. to gain supremacy, especially in Europe, over Russia.

Missiles can be classified by the range they are able to achieve:

    1. Short-Range Ballistic Missiles (SRBM) are designed to target enemy forces within a range of approximately 1,000 kilometers. Typically employed in tactical scenarios, they allow for rapid response to regional threats.
    2. Medium-Range Ballistic Missiles (MRBM) extend the operational range to about 3,500 kilometers. These systems enhance a nation’s deterrent capabilities by allowing strikes on targets further away without resorting to intercontinental systems.
    3. Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles (ICBM) represent the longest range category, with capabilities exceeding 5,500 kilometers. These missiles serve as a strategic deterrent, capable of delivering payloads across continents and significantly impacting global security dynamics.

The U.S., Russia and China have developed all three types of weapons. In the late 1980s, on the initiative of the Soviet leader Mikhail Grobaschev, the U.S. and the Soviet Union signed the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF Treaty):

The INF Treaty banned all of the two nations’ nuclear and conventional ground-launched ballistic missiles, cruise missiles, and missile launchers with ranges of 500–1,000 kilometers (310–620 mi) (short medium-range) and 1,000–5,500 km (620–3,420 mi) (intermediate-range). The treaty did not apply to air- or sea-launched missiles. By May 1991, the nations had eliminated 2,692 missiles, followed by 10 years of on-site verification inspections.

While the deployment of missiles of a certain range were prohibited missile development continued. Around 2008 the Russian Federation used the base design of the RS-24 (Yars) intercontinental missile to develop a more flexible version with a lighter payload. The result was the easier to handle RS-26 missile. While this could and did achieve the range needed to be classified as an intercontinental missile its payload was too small to be really effective.

In early 2018 the Russian Federation decided to halt all further development of the RS-26 and invested its money into the more promising hypersonic glide vehicle Avanguard.

A few month after Russia had taken the decision to mothball the RS-24 development the U.S. withdrew from the INF-treaty. While the U.S. claimed that certain cruise missile developments in Russia were in breach of the treaty the real reason for the withdrawal was elsewhere:

[T]he US need to counter a Chinese arms buildup in the Pacific, including within South China Sea, was another reason for their move to withdraw, because China was not a signatory to the treaty. US officials extending back to the presidency of Barack Obama have noted this.

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Nemški “obnovljivi” energetski prehod je bankrotiral, svari predsednik RWE

Zdaj je počilo tudi med ponudniki energije v Nemčiji. Markus Krebber, predsednik uprave nemškega največjega distributerja energije, je v redko videnem javnem nastopu, posvaril, da je nemški elektroenergetski sistem dosegel svoje meje. Pomanjkanje kapacitet zanesljivih virov elektrike ogroža stabilnost elektroenergetskega sistema, vodi v skrajna cenovna nihanja (za 10-krat !) in ogroža stabilnost celotnega evropskega elektroenergetskega sistema. Z elektrarnami na sonce in veter preprosto fizično ni mogoče vzdrževati stabilnosti elektroenergetskega sistema. Če ne bi bilo Francije in zanesljive oskrbe z elektriko iz farncoskih jedrskih elektrarn, bi nemški elektroenergetski sistem v začetku novembra razpadel.

Vladi Angele Merkel in Olafa Scholza sta z nepremišljeno energetsko politiko Nemčiji naredile gromozansko škodo. Nemci za danci plačujejo daleč najveišje cene za elektriko v Evropi, nemško gospodarstvo je zaradi visokih cene lektrike nekonkurenčno.

Putin Is Finally Climbing The Escalation Ladder

Andrew Korybko

He wants to deter the even greater provocations that the West might now be plotting, such as destabilizing and then invading Belarus, with the intent of coercing him into freezing the existing LOC and then possibly accepting the deployment of Western/NATO peacekeepers there.

Putin surprised the world on Thursday when he addressed the nation to inform them that Russia had tested a new hypersonic medium-range missile earlier that morning in an attack against a famous Soviet-era industrial complex in the Ukrainian city of Dnepropetrovsk. He explained that this was a response to the US and UK recently allowing Ukraine to use their long-range missiles inside of Russia. Their decision resulted in the NATO-Russian proxy war in Ukraine “assuming elements of a global nature” in his words.

As was explained here with regards to the “moment of truth” that this latest phase of the conflict led to, he was faced with the choice of either escalating or continuing his policy of strategic patience, the first of which could foil attempts by Trump to reach a peace deal while the second could invite more aggression. Putin chose the former and did so in a creative way that few foresaw. The Oreshnik missile system whose existence he disclosed on Thursday has Multiple Independently-targetable Reentry Vehicles (MIRVs).

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Odgovornost do države: Na primeru neodgovornosti vlade ob povabilu kitajskemu predsedniku Xi Jinpingu

Marko Golob

Ob zadnjem mučnem zapletu ob povabilu kitajskemu predsedniku Xi Jinpingu s strani predsednice Nataše Musar in posledičnem odzivu predsednika vlade Roberta Goloba, si nisem mogel kaj, da mi ne bi prišla na misel nekoliko podobna situacija, ki sem jo doživel kot član AUKN ob napovedani dokapitalizaciji NKBM spomladi 2011.

Dokapitalizacija NKBM ni bila sporna v nobenem pogledu. Stališče AUKN takrat je bilo, da bomo kot neodvisna agencija podprli vsako dokapitalizacijo, ki bo sprejemljiva za Vlado, Državni zbor in NKBM. Pa naj si bo z državno participacijo ali brez. Čeprav smo jasno povedali, tako Vladi, Državnemu zboru in Banki Slovenije, da bi bilo za NKBM in ohranitev vrednosti državnega premoženja v situaciji svetovne finančne krize, neprimerno bolje, če bi država ohranila svoj delež. Zakaj?

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Kapitalna poteza Kitajske: Izrinjanje ZDA, IMF in zasebnih skladov

Če morda niste bili pozorni v prejšnjih dneh, ste spregledali novico, da je kitajska banka v Saudski Arabiji izdala obveznico, denominirano v dolarjih. Čeprav je šlo za izdajo majhne vrednosti (2 milijardi $), je zadeva zanimiva iz večih vidikov. Obveznica je denominirana v dolarjih, povpraševanje je bilo 20-krat večje od vrednosti izdaje, obrestna mera je bila zgolj za dlako (1-3 bazične točke) višja kot pri ameriških državnih obveznicah (Nemčija plačuje 10-20 bazičnih točk več za svoje obveznice) in odpira vprašanje, kaj želi Kitajska s tem doseči ter kaj sporoča ZDA in svetu. Ena izmed razlag je, da Kitajska s tem Ameriki sporoča, da se lahko zadolžuje po isti obrestni meri kot ZDA in da lahko ustvari paralelni dolarski finančni sistem, na drugi strani pa državam globalnega juga sporoča, da jim – če imajo težave pri refinanciranju dolga po bistveno višjih obrestnih merah – pomaga s cenejšim denarjem v zameno za izvoz surovin in jih s tem še bolj naveže na svoj trgovinski in finančni sistem. Kitajska s tem signalizira, da lahko zruši monopol ameriškega finančnega sistema in ustvari večjo dovisnost držav globalnega juga od Kitajske.

Spodaj sta dve zanimivi razlagi. Z nobeno se ni treba strinjati, splača pa se ju vzeti na znanje. Najprej Arnaud Bertrand:

At first glance, the mechanics are straightforward: China issued bonds, denominated in US dollars, that investors eagerly snapped up. The bonds were oversubscribed nearly 20 times, with over $40 billion in demand for just $2 billion in bonds. This level of interest dwarfs the typical 2-3x oversubscription seen in US Treasury auctions.

Even more striking is the interest rate. China secured rates just 1-3 basis points (0.01-0.03%) higher than US Treasuries—essentially matching the borrowing cost of the US government. For perspective, even AAA-rated countries like Germany or Japan typically pay at least 10-20 basis points above US Treasuries when issuing USD bonds.

The venue for this issuance—Riyadh—adds another layer of intrigue. Sovereign bonds are typically issued in established financial hubs like London or New York, not in the heart of the petrodollar system. By choosing Saudi Arabia, China appears to be subtly challenging the status quo, showcasing itself as an alternative player in the global dollar ecosystem.

A Subtle Signal to Washington

The timing and nature of this bond issuance seem less about financial necessity and more about strategic signalling. By successfully issuing dollar-denominated bonds in Saudi Arabia, China demonstrates it can compete directly with US Treasuries as a destination for dollar investments.

For decades, the US has enjoyed an “exorbitant privilege,” with countries like Saudi Arabia recycling their surplus dollars into US Treasury bonds, effectively subsidising US government spending. Now, China is introducing a rival option. The bonds give countries like Saudi Arabia an alternative, enabling them to park their dollar reserves with Beijing instead of Washington.

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